Active area size
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Because the active area is rectangular, we can describe its size in different ways.
Width & Height
Diagonal length
Area
Most often, we describe active area size by its diagonal length.
If you need help picking the right size for your tablet, see Choosing the right size for a drawing tablet.
You can often see the diagonal length in the names of pen displays. For example:
Wacom Cintiq Pro 27
Huion Kamvas Pro 16 Plus 4K
For pen tablets, manufacturers often use descriptive names such as "small" and "large" instead of numbers.
Wacom Intuos Pro Medium
Wacom Intuos Pro Large
By looking at Wacom's product line and naming, we can build a useful framework for how descriptive words like "small" and "large" map to numbers. Note that the size names differ between pen displays and pen tablets.

If we look at how drawing tablet models are distributed along this scale, we can see a lot of variation.

Is it reasonable to use the active area's diagonal length instead of its area?
I think it is, because diagonal length correlates reasonably well with area for drawing tablets.
Let's compare them by plotting the values for 180 different tablets.
For pen tablets:

And for pen displays:

Overall, I think using the diagonal is reasonable.
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